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1 ἀσθενής
ἀσθενής, ές (Pind., Hdt.+; loanw. in rabb.) adj., of that which lacks strength: ‘weak, powerless’.① pert. to suffering from a debilitating illness, sick, ill ἄνθρωπος ἀ. Ac 4:9. Subst. ὁ ἀ. the sick person (Diod S 1, 34, 4) Mt 25:43f; Lk 9:2; 10:9; Ac 5:15f; 1 Cl 59:4 (ἀσεβεῖς cod. H); Pol 6:1. W. ἄρρωστος 1 Cor 11:30 (on the connection betw. wrongdoing and disease cp. PMich Inv. 3690, 7–11 [ZPE 4, ’69, 123]).② pert. to experiencing some incapacity or limitation, weakⓐ of physical weakness. Opp. ἰσχυρός (cp. Ael. Aristid. 36 p. 690 D.; Philo, Aet. M. 58) 1 Cl 38:2; cp. Hv 3, 11, 4; ἡ σὰρξ ἀ. the flesh is weak, gives up too easily Mt 26:41; Mk 14:38; Pol 7:2. ἀ. τῇ σαρκί Hs 9, 1, 2. Of woman (PAmh 141, 16 [restored]; PFlor 58, 14 γυνὴ ἀσθενής; cp. POxy 2713, 8f; EpArist 250) ἀσθενέστερον σκεῦος weaker vessel, i.e. sex 1 Pt 3:7; ἀ. τῷ σώματι physically weak (cp. PFlor 382, 41; abs. Tat. 32, 3) 1 Cl 6:2. ἡ παρουσία τοῦ σώματος ἀ. his personal presence is weak i.e. unimpressive 2 Cor 10:10 (cp. Demosth. 18, 152, s. FDanker, in: Persuasive Artistry [GAKennedy Festschr.] ’91, 276). Acc. to many modern scholars, of spirit beings that can do nothing (w. πτωχός) τὰ ἀ. στοιχεῖα the weak elementary spirits Gal 4:9 (s. στοιχεῖον 2). In imagery of the Christian community: comp., of inferior stones too weak, i.e. incapable of standing great strain Hs 9, 8, 4; 6.ⓑ of relative ineffectiveness, whether external or inward weak, feeble, ineffectual ἡμεῖς ἀ. 1 Cor 4:10; τὰ μέλη ἀσθενέστερα the weaker, less important members 12:22. W. φθαρτός the heart viewed as a shrine B 16:7.—τὸ ἀσθενές = ἡ ἀσθένεια (Thu. 2, 61, 2; POxy 71 II, 4 τὸ τῆς φύσεως ἀ.; Jos., Ant. 13, 430) w. τὸ ἀνωφελές Hb 7:18; τὸ ἀ. τοῦ θεοῦ the weakness of God: even what is weak acc. to human standards becomes effective as soon as it comes fr. God 1 Cor 1:25.—τὰ ἀ. τοῦ κόσμου what is weak in (the eyes of) the world 1:27.ⓒ of the inner life. ὄντων ἡμῶν ἀ. (=ἁμαρτωλῶν vs. 8) helpless in a moral sense Ro 5:6. Of a weakness in faith, which, through lack of advanced knowledge, considers externals of the greatest importance (cp. Epict. 1, 8, 8 ἀπαιδεύτοις κ. ἀσθενέσι) 1 Cor 8:7, 9f (WMcGarry, Eccl. Rev. 94, ’37, 609–17). ἐγενόμην τοῖς ἀ. ἀ. to those who are weak in faith I became as they are 1 Cor 9:22; ἀντέχεσθαι τῶν ἀ. take care of the weak 1 Th 5:14.—Weak, without influence συγγένεια 1 Cl 10:2. οἱ ἀσθενέστεροι Dg 10:5 (but here ἀ. could have the mng. economically weak, poor, as pap, e.g. UPZ 17, 23; BGU 1815, 6; 1843, 14; 1863, 10; PHib 113, 17; PThéad 20, 15 τὰς ἀσθενεστέρας κώμας; s. ἀσθενέω 3).—ERiggenbach, StKr 66, 1893, 649–78; MRauer, D. ‘Schwachen’ in Korinth u. Rom nach den Pls-briefen 1923.—B. 298. New Docs 4, 132–34. DELG s.v. σθένος. M-M. -
2 ἀσθενής
ἀσθεν-ής, ές,A without strength, weak,1 in body, feeble, sickly,τοὺς ἀσθενέας τῆς στρατιῆς Hdt.4.135
, cf. Hp.VM12;ἀσθενεῖ χρωτὶ βαίνων Pi.P.1.55
, etc.;ὁ παντάπασιν ἀ. τῷ σώματι D.21.165
;ἀ. περὶ τὸν ὀφθαλμόν Luc. Nigr.4
; τοὺς ἀσθενεστάτους ἐς τὰς ταλαιπωρίας least able to bear hardship, Hdt.4.134; ἀσθενέστερος πόνον ἐνεγκεῖν too weak to.., D.23.54. Adv.ἀσθενῶς, ἴσχειν Pl.Lg. 659e
, cf. OGI751.8 (Amblada, ii B.C.).2 in mind, and the like ,τὸ ἀ. τῆς γνώμης
the weakness,Th.
2.61.3 in power, weak, feeble,ἀ. δύναμις Hdt.7.9
.ά, cf. 1.58; ;πόλιν ἑνὸς-εστέραν S.OC 1033
;εἰς ὠφέλειαν ἀ. D.Ep.2.15
.4 in property, weak, poor,οἱ χρήμασιν ἀσθενέστεροι Hdt.2.88
: abs.,ὅ τ' ἀ. ὁ πλούσιός τε E.Supp. 433
; οἱ ἀσθενέστεροι the weaker sort, i.e. the poor, X.Cyr.8.1.30, cf. Lys.1.2.5 insignificant,οὐκ ἀσθενέστατος σοφιστὴς Ἑλλήνων Hdt.4.95
; paltry,ἀ. σόφισμα A.Pr. 1011
; of streams, petty, small, Hdt.2.25; of fluids, of small specific gravity, Id.3.23; ἐς ἀσθενὲς ἔρχεται comes to nothing, Id.1.120. Adv.- νῶς
feebly, without energy,Pl.
R. 528b; on slight evidence,ἀπαγγέλλεσθαι Onos.
Praef.: [comp] Comp.ἀσθενεστέρως, ἐπιθυμεῖν Pl.Phdr. 255e
; ;- έστερα Th.1.141
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀσθενής
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3 ἀσθενέω
+ V 0-14-26-24-13=77 JgsA 16,7.11.17; JgsB 6,15; 16,17to be weak, to be feeble JgsB 6,15; to decline to [εἴς τι] (of the day) JgsB 19,9; to stumble, to fall (metaph.) Hos 4,5; to cause to fail [τινα] (semit., rendering Hebr. לשׁכ hi.) Mal 2,8; to be too weak to, not able to [+inf.] Is 28,20ἠσθένησαν ταῖς διανοίαις αὐτῶν their courage was abated 1 Mc 11,49*Hos 11,6 ἠσθένησεν it was weak-חלתה ⋄חלה for MT חלה ⋄חול it goes around, it ragesCf. WALTERS 1973 118(Mal 2,8); →NIDNTT; TWNT(→ἐξἀσθενέω,,) -
4 ἀσθένεια
ἀσθέν-εια, ἡ,A want of strength, weakness, Th.1.3, etc.: in pl.,ἰσχύες καὶ ἀ. Pl.R. 618d
; esp. feebleness, sickliness, Hdt.4.135;ἀ. τοῦ γήρως Antipho 4.3.2
, Pl.R. 330e;σωμάτων Th.4.36
, etc.3ἀ. βίου
poverty,Hdt.
2.47, 8.51.4 in moral sense, feebleness, weakness,τῆς ἀνθρωπίνης φύσεως Pl.Lg. 854a
, cf. Arist.EN 1150b19;τοῦ ἀκροατοῦ Arist.Rh. 1419a18
.—Rare in poetry, as E.HF 269. -έω, to be weak, feeble, sickly, ἀ. μέλη to be weak in limb, E.Or. 228;τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς ἀ. Pl.Ly. 209e
; ἀ. ἀσθένειαν Id.Chrm. 155b: abs., E.Hipp. 274, Th.7.47, Ev.Matt.10.8, etc.; ἠσθένησε he fell sick, D.1.13; sick man,Hp.
VM 12 (Phot. says that μαλακίζεσθχι is used of women);ἠσθενηκότα Plb. 31.13.7
.3 c. inf., to be too weak to do a thing, not to be able.., J.BJ2.15.5;εἰς τὸ θεωρεῖν Plot.3.8.4
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀσθένεια
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5 ἐξασθενέω
A to be utterly weak, Hp.Morb.4.43, Arist.MM 1203b11; of plants, to be exhausted, Thphr.CP5.9.11: metaph.,τοῖς λογισμοῖς Agatharch.Fr.Hist.20
(a) J., cf. D.S.20.78; to be in financial straits, PTeb.50.33 (ii B. C.), etc.: c.inf., to be too weak to..,ὁσάκις ἂν ὁ λόγος -ήσῃ ἐναργῶς παραστῆσαι Ael.Tact.1.5
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐξασθενέω
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6 ἀτονέω
A to be relaxed, exhausted, Arist.Pr. 945a17, Plu.Cor.25;ὁδοιπορίαις Epigr.Gr.613.4
;στόμαχος ἀτονῶν Dsc.1.109
: c.inf., to be too weak to.., D.L.4.14. -
7 ἀτονία
ἀτον-ία, ἡ,A slackness, enervation, debility, Hp.Aër.20; laziness, Epicur.Nat.54 G.;ψυχῆς Plu.2.535d
;ἀσθένεια καὶ ἀ. Luc.Nigr.36
;ἰνῶν ἀ. καὶ τρόμος Phld.Acad.Ind.p.76M.
; as Stoic term, lack of τόνος (q.v.), Chrysipp.Stoic.3.120, 123, Arr.Epict. 2.15.4, etc.; in oratory, lack of vigour in delivery, Hermog.Inv.4.3 [suff] ἄτον-ος, ον, not stretched, slack, relaxed, of the limbs, Hp.Aër.3 ([comp] Comp.), 19; lacking in elasticity, of strands in torsion-engine, Ph. Bel.58.18;πνοαί D.S.1.41
;σφυγμοί Aret.SD2.9
; of fruit, insipid, Dsc. 1.112 ([comp] Comp.), al.; τὸ ἄ. τῆς γεύσεως v.l. ib.127;φωνεῖν ἄτονον Arist.Phgn. 813b3
: Medic., of the stomach, Ath.3.79f ([comp] Comp.), etc.: c. inf., too weak to.., D.L.7.35; of oratorical style, D.H.Dem.20, cf. Hermog.Id.2.11 ([comp] Comp.), Eun. VSp.493 B. ([comp] Comp.). Adv.- νως Plu. Lyc.18
: [comp] Comp.- ώτερον J.BJ4.1.5
;- ωτέρως Archig.
ap. Orib.8.2.26. -
8 ἀφαυρός
A feeble, powerless,ἠΰτε παιδὸς ἀφαυροῦ Il.7.235
, cf. Nic.Th. 198; dim, Arat.256; almost always [comp] Comp. and [comp] Sup.,σέο πολλὸν ἀφαυρότερος Il.7.457
; ; , cf. Od.20.110, Hes.Op. 586, Pi.P.4.272 ([comp] Comp.), Theoc.21.49 ([comp] Comp.);ἀνδρὸς γηρέντος πολλὸν -ότερος Xenoph.9
, etc.; ῥείθρων ἀφαυροτέρην, of a bridge, too weak to resist the stream, Epigr.Gr.1078.6 ([place name] Adana): so in Prose, σιτία- ότερα
less nutritious,Hp.
Mul.1.67; [κενεὼν] -ότατόν ἐστι X.Eq.12.8
; Posit., Democr.285, Ti.Locr.102c, Arist.EN 1101b2, Hymn.Is. 122. Adv.- ρῶς AP6.267
(Diotim.): [comp] Comp.-ότερον, τροχάει Arat. 227
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀφαυρός
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9 ἐπιδευής
A in need or want of, lacking, c. gen., δαιτὸς ἐΐσης, κρειῶν, γάλακτος, etc., Il.9.225, Od.4.87, etc.; ; λώβης τε καὶ αἴσχεος οὐκ ἐπιδευεῖς lacking not scathe nor scorn, Il.13.622; τῶν πάντων ἐπιδευέες (v.l.- δεέες) Hdt.4.130: abs., ὅς κ' ἐπιδευής whoever be in want, Il.5.481, cf. Parm.8.33.II. lacking, failing, ἵνα μή τι δίκης ἐπιδευὲς ἔχῃσθα that thou may'st have no point of right wanting, Il.19.180: c. gen., βίης ἐπιδευέες failing in strength, Od.21.185;ἐ. θέσφατα μαντοσύνης A.R.2.315
: as [comp] Comp., βίης ἐπιδευέες εἰμὲν ἀντιθέου Ὀδυσῆος inferior to Ulysses in strength, Od.21.253, cf. h.Ap. 338: and abs., πολλὸν δ' ἐπιδευέες ἦμεν far too weak were we, Od.24.171: c. inf., τεθνάκην ὀλίγω 'πιδεύης cj. in Sapph.2.15.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐπιδευής
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10 βληχρός
βληχρός, ά, όν (Pind.+; Diod S, Plut.) pert. to lack of strength, feeble of prayer (w. μικρός) Hs 2:5. Of pers. (w. ἀργός) πρός τι too weak for someth. 5, 4, 3.—DELG. -
11 ἀμυδρός
A dim, faint, obscure:1 of impressions on the eye, ἀ. χοιράς a rock dimly seen through water, Archil.129; ἀ. γράμματα scarce legible letters, Th.6.54; ἀ. φέγγος, χρῶμα, Arist.Mete. 343b13, 372a2; ἀ. τὰ εἴδη τῶν ἰχθύων, σκιὰς μᾶλλον ἢ ἰχθῦς εἰκάσεις (in a painting) Paus.10.28.1. Adv. ἀμυδσῶς, βλέπειν, ὁρᾶν, Arist.HA 537b11, 556b19; ἀ. μιμεῖσθαί τι represent its form obscurely, ib. 502b9; ἀ. ἔχειν to be ill-defined, PA 668a3.2 generally, faint, weak,σφυγμὸς ἀ. τὸν τόνον Aret.CA2.3
, cf.SD1.12; ([comp] Comp.).3 of impressions on the mind, vague,ἀ. εἶδος Pl.Ti. 49a
; ἀ. πρὸς ἀλήθειαν faint in comparison with truth, Id.R. 597a; δι' ἀμυδρῶν ὀργάνων by imperfect organs, Id.Phdr. 250b, cf. Tht. 195a; μαντεῖα ἀμυδρότερα τοῦ τι σαφὲς σημαίνειν too obscure.., Id.Ti. 72b;ἀ. ἐλπίς Plu.Alc.38
; ἀ. λόγος [Longin.] Rh.p.195H.; - ότερα σχήματα Aps.p.327 H.;συναίσθησις Dam.Pr.81
([comp] Sup.), etc. Adv.- ῶς καὶ οὐθὲν σαφῶς Arist.Metaph. 985a13
, cf. 988a23; faintly, of one near death, Max.Tyr.16.2: [comp] Comp.ἀμυδρότερον Pl. Sph. 250e
, Plu.2.1025d.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀμυδρός
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12 ὀλίγος
A little, small, freq. in Hom., rarer later, opp.μέγας, σάκος Il.14.376
;κῦμα Od.10.94
, etc. ; ὀλίγῃ ὀπί with small, low voice, 14.492 ; of stature, 9.515 ;ὀ. κῶρος Theoc.1.47
;οὐκ ὀλίγης αἷμα βοὸς κέχυται Call.Aet.Oxy.2080.85
; of Space,ὀ. χῶρος Il.10.161
, etc. ; of Time,χρόνος 19.157
,23.418, Pi. N.7.38, etc. ;ἐν βραχεῖ κὠλίγῳ χρόνῳ S.Fr. 646
(cf. IV. 3).2 sts. in a sense between that of Size and Quantity,ὀ. δόσις Od.6.208
; not copious,Hp.
Epid.1.2 ; ὑποστάσιες ὀλίγαι slight sediments, ib.17 ; ὀ. καὶ οὐδέν little or nothing, Pl.Ap. 23a ;οὐδὲν ἢ ὀ. Arist.PA 651b17
.3 of Degree, ὀ. καὶ μέγας of low and high degree, Callin.1.17.II of Number, few, or of Quantity, little, not in Hom., freq. in [dialect] Att., Ar.Av. 1417, Eq. 717, etc., but rare in Trag., asὀλίγα κακά A.Pers. 330
.—The governing body in Oligarchies and the oligarchical party in Democracies was called οἱ ὀ., Th.6.38,8.9, etc. ; ἡ ὑπὸ τῶν ὀ. δυναστεία, αἱ διὰ τῶν ὀ. δυναστεῖαι, Pl.Plt. 291d, D.60.25 ;ἑνὸς καὶ πλήθους τὸ ὀ. μέσον Pl.Plt. 303a
.2 c. inf., ὀλίγους.. στρατιῇ τῇ Μήδων συμβαλεῖν too few to engage.., Hdt.6.109, cf. 7.207 ;μὴ.. αἱ σφέτεραι δέκα νῆες ὀλίγαι ἀμύνειν ὦσιν Th.1.50
.III neut. ὀλίγον as Adv., a little, slightly, little, with Verbs,ὀ. παρακλίνας Il.23.424
, cf. 11.52, 12.452 ; ;ὀ. τοῦ ποιήματος προελθών Pl.Prt. 339d
: also neut. pl.,ἠκροβολίσαντο ὀλίγα Th.3.73
.2 with comp. Adjs.,ὀλίγον προγενέστερος Il.23.789
;ὀ. ἧσσον Od.15.365
;στιβαρώτερον οὐκ ὀ. περ 8.187
;φέρτερος οὐκ ὀ. περ Il.19.217
; ὀ. τι πρότερον, v.l. for ὀλίγῳ, Hdt.4.79,81, cf. Pl.Plt. 262b, etc. ;ὀ. ὕστερον Id.Grg. 454b
, etc. ; but ὀλίγῳ is more freq. in Prose, Hdt. ll.cc. (with v.l.), 7.113, al., Pl.Grg. 460c, R. 327c, etc.IV special Phrases:1 ὀλίγου δεῖν almost (v. δεῖ II); ὀλίγου ἐδέησε καταλαβεῖν wanted but little of overtaking, Hdt.7.10.γ' : hence ὀλίγου alone, within a little, allbut, almost,ὀλίγου σεκύνες διεδηλήσαντο Od.14.37
, cf. Ar.Ach. 348, 381,Nu. 722, Lys.14.17, Pl.Prt. 361b, D.19.334, etc. ;ὀ. ἅπαντες Pl.Ap. 22b
;ὀ. ἐς χιλίους
close upon1
, 000, Th.4.124 ; ὀ. ἦλθεν ἑλεῖν (v. infr. 9) Paus.1.13.6.2 at a short distance,E.
Ph. 1098, Th.2.89,3.21, dub. in A.Th. 762 (lyr.) ; for (during) a short time, Th.1.77,2.85,3.43 ; within or after a short time, Id.6.11,47,7.39, etc. ; but3 ἐν ὀλίγῳ ( χώρῳ is added in Hdt. 9.70) in a small space, within small compass, E.Supp. 1126 (lyr.) ;ἐν ὀ. στρατοπεδευομένοις Th.4.26
; κυκλωθέντων ἐν ὀ. ib.96 ;εἰς ταὐτὸ πάντα.. ἁθροίσαντ' ἐν ὀ. D.3.18
; also ἐν ὀ. (sc. χρόνῳ) for a brief time, Pi.P.8.92 ; but also, in a short time, quickly,ἔγνων καὶ περὶ τῶν ποιητῶν ἐν ὀ. τοῦτο Pl.Ap. 22b
, cf. Th.4.55, Act.Ap.26.28.b ἐν ὀλίγοις one among few, i.e. exceedingly, remarkably,ποταμὸς ἐν ὀ. μέγας Hdt.4.52
;ἐν ὀλίγοισι Περσέων.. ἀνὴρ δόκιμος Id.9.41
: freq. in later writers, Plu. Pomp.10, Hld.3.1 ; so σὺν ὀλίγοις, v. infr. 10.4 ἐξ ὀλίγου at short notice, suddenly,ἐξ ὀ. καὶ δι' ὀργῆς Th.2.11
, cf. 61,4.108, etc.6 for a short time,Hp.
Prorrh.1.26, Plot. 4.4.29, Gp.7.12.22, 10.7.10, etc. ; a little at a time, Hp.VC18 ;εἴρηται ἐν τῷ [βιβλίῳ] ἐπ' ὀλίγον
a little way on, near the beginning,Gal.
15.428.7 by little and little,Th.
1.69, Pl.Ti. 85d, Luc. Nec.11, etc. ;ἐκ τοῦ κατ' ὀ. D.S.15.34
, Ath.Med. ap. Orib.1.2.6 : but the Adj.freq. takes the gender and number of its Subst.,κατ' ὀλίγους Hdt.2.93
, 8.113 ; οὗτοι κατ' ὀλίγους γινόμενοι ἐμάχοντο fought few at a time, in small parties, Id.9.102, cf. Pl.Tht. 197d ; κατ' ὀλίγον μαχεῖται (sc. τὸ πλῆθος αὐτῶν) Th.4.10.9 παρ' ὀλίγον with little to spare, only just, (lyr.) ; to within a short distance of,παρ' ὀ. ἦλθε.. ἐκπεσεῖν Plb. 2.55.4
, cf. 18.46.12 ; but10 σὺν ὀλίγοις, = ἐν ὀλίγοις, ἐπαινεθῆναι Plu.Galb.3 ; v. supr. IV.3b.V regul. Adv. ὀλίγως is rare, 2 Ep.Pet.2.18, Aq. Is.10.7 ;οὐκ ὀ. AP12.205
(Strat.).VI Comparison:1 the [comp] Comp. is commonly supplied by μείων, ἥσσων, or ἐλάσσων (qq.v.) ; the older form ὀλείζων (fr. Ολειγ-ψων ) is found in Hom., λαοὶ δ' ὑπ' ὀλείζονες ἦσαν ( ὑπολίζονες codd.) Il.18.519 ; so in [dialect] Att. Inscrr., IG12.76.8 (written ὄλεζον ib.63.17, al.) ; τοῖσι.. ὀλείζοσι μυστηρίοισιν ib.6.76, cf. 95 ; ὀλείζους is prob. in X.Ath.2.1 ( μείζους codd.) ; so in Alexandrian Poets, Call.Jov.72 ( ὀλίζοσι codd.), AP9.521 ; ἐς ὀλίζονας ἀστέρας ἄρκτου Poet. ap. Theodos. in HilgardExc.exHdn.p.19 ; also , ὀλίζωνα ib. 372 ; ὀλιζότερος is found in Id.Al. 479, Opp.C.3.65, 394, cf. ὀλιζόω ; ὀλιγώτερος is found in Hp.Virg. I (with the sense weaker, v. supr. 1.4), S.E.M.1.70, App.Pun.42, Mith.24, Ael.NA2.42,6.51.2 [comp] Sup. ὀλίγιστος, η, ον, always of Number or Quantity, Il.19.223, Hes.Op. 723, IG12.54.7, Ar.Ra. 115, Pl. 628, Pl.R. 473b, al. ; ὀλιγίστου, [comp] Sup. of ὀλίγου (cf. IV. I), very nearly, Phot., Hsch. (ubi ὀλιγωστοῦ) ; ὀλίγιστον as Adv., least, very little, Pl.R. 587b ;τὸ ὀ.
at least,Id.
Prm. 149a ;ὡς ὀλίγιστα Id.Grg. 510a
, Lg. 953a (v.l. ὀλιγοστά) ;ἐν ὀλιγίστῳ διασαφῶν Eust.1262.54
; soδι' ὀλιγίστων Pl.Ep. 351d
(interpol.). (Aspirated in papyri of ii-iii A.D., asμεθ' ὁλίγον BGU388.11
, cf. 146.10.) -
13 ἀμαλδύνω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `destroy, weaken' (Il.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: One assumes a denominative from *ἀμαλδύς, which is further not known. The first question is whether the word has the same root as βλαδύς (q.v.). The ἀ- must then have been added after the privative formations (which always express some lack), but this is not very probable; influence of ἀμαλός is not very likely. - The form seems identical with Lat. mollis (\< *moldu̯is) `soft', Skt. mr̥dú- id. Arm. meɫk `weak, soft' shows no initial laryngeal for this group (Pok. 718). The absence of prothesis could point to substratal origin, but there are no other indications for this. - μέλδομαι `to smelt' is hardly cognate because of its meaning. However, it has a variant ἀμέλδειν showing the same problem as ἀμαλδύνω \/ βλαδύς. In this case we are certain of cognate forms with s-, OHG smelzan; does this point to h₂m-\/ sm-? The question has not been solved. - μαλθακός, μαλακός, ἀμαλός and ἀμβλύς differ too much to be useful. Not here βλέννα and μύλη.Page in Frisk: 1,84Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀμαλδύνω
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14 βάσκανος
βάσκανος, - ονGrammatical information: adj. und subst. m.Meaning: `one who bewitches, sorcerer, slanderer' (Att.).Derivatives: βασκανία, βασκάνιον `bewitching, witchcraft'; βασκοσύνη `id.' (Poet. de herb., mag. Pap.), for βασκ(αν)οσύνη. Denom. βασκαίνω `bewitch'.Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Eur.?Etymology: Connected with βάσκειν λέγειν, κακολογεῖν and further with βάζω (q. v.). But βάσκειν as κακολογεῖν may have been influenced by βάσκανος. DELG finds the meaning too general. Kretschmer Einleitung 248 n. 4, thinks of a Thraco-Illyr. representative of φημί, φάσκω, which is semantically as weak. - One also tries to connect Lat. fascinum; it cannot be a loan from Greek. The central meaning may have been `bind'. The word may be a European substratum word. Cf. βασκευταί, βάσκιοι.Page in Frisk: 1,223-224Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βάσκανος
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15 κιδνόν
Grammatical information: adv.Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [609]? *ḱo, ḱe `this'Etymology: From the deictic particle IE. *ḱi in Lat. ci-s, Gr. ἐ-κεῖ (s. v.) etc., but in detail unclear. Bechtel Dial. 1, 349 assumes a νο-deriv. from neuter *κιδ = Goth. und hit-a `ἕως ἄρτι'. Pisani too Anales de filcl 6, 213ff. identifies *κιδ with Goth. hit-a ; - νον however would be νῦν `now' with Cyprian development of υ to ο; cf. Hitt. kinun `now'. Here acc. to P. also ἀ-κιδνός `weak, small', comp. ἀ-κιδνότερος, prop. "la persona o cosa che meno di un'altra si trova `κιδνον'"(?) or `not at the right moment'(?).Page in Frisk: 1,850Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κιδνόν
См. также в других словарях:
weak — W2S3 [wi:k] adj ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 1¦(physical)¦ 2¦(likely to break)¦ 3¦(character)¦ 4¦(without power)¦ 5¦(without interest)¦ 6¦(without energy)¦ 7¦(not good at doing something)¦ 8¦(money)¦ 9¦(argument/idea)¦ 10¦(drink)¦ … Dictionary of contemporary English
weak — [ wik ] adjective *** ▸ 1 lacking energy ▸ 2 lacking power ▸ 3 easily persuaded ▸ 4 bad in quality ▸ 5 likely to break/fail ▸ 6 with a lot of water ▸ 7 lacking strength ▸ 8 in linguistics 1. ) part of your body that is weak is not as strong or… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
weak — weak, feeble, frail, fragile, infirm, decrepit can mean not strong enough to bear, resist, or endure strain or pressure or to withstand difficulty, effort, or use. Weak is by far the widest in its range of application, being not only… … New Dictionary of Synonyms
weak — 01. He was sick, and felt too [weak] to even get out of bed. 02. The goaltender was having a bad day, and let in a couple of [weak] goals. 03. I have a [weakness] for chocolate. I eat the stuff almost every day. 04. She has really [weak] arms so… … Grammatical examples in English
weak — adjective 1) they are too weak to move Syn: frail, feeble, delicate, fragile; infirm, sick, sickly, debilitated, incapacitated, ailing, indisposed, decrepit; tired, fatigued, exhausted, anemic; informal weedy … Thesaurus of popular words
weak — [[t]wi͟ːk[/t]] ♦♦ weaker, weakest 1) ADJ GRADED If someone is weak, they are not healthy or do not have good muscles, so that they cannot move quickly or carry heavy things. I was too weak to move or think or speak... His arms and legs were weak … English dictionary
weak */*/*/ — UK [wiːk] / US [wɪk] adjective Word forms weak : adjective weak comparative weaker superlative weakest 1) a) a person who is weak does not have much physical strength or energy The illness had left him too weak to speak. b) part of your body that … English dictionary
weak — adjective 1) they are too weak to move Syn: feeble, frail, delicate, fragile, infirm, debilitated, decrepit, exhausted; informal weedy 2) bats have weak eyes Syn: inadequate, poor … Synonyms and antonyms dictionary
weak*/*/ — [wiːk] adj 1) lacking physical strength or good health Ant: strong The illness had left him too weak to speak.[/ex] He has always had a weak heart.[/ex] 2) not strongly built and easily damaged or destroyed The floorboards are weak in some places … Dictionary for writing and speaking English
weak — adjective /wiːk/ a) Lacking in force (usually strength) or ability. The child was too weak to move the boulder. b) Dilute, lacking in taste or potency. They easily guessed his weak computer password. Syn … Wiktionary
weak — Nāwaliwali; lahilahi, nahinahi (as coffee). Also: palupalu, nāwali, ōnāwali, ōnāwaliwali, ōma ima i, ikaika ole, uwa uwali, hāwali, ōwali, ōmali, lule, malule, ha imalule, ma ule, hemo, puhemo, palalū, halalū; ōhemo (as from dysentery);… … English-Hawaiian dictionary
